Social capital, civil society, and development

Social capital, civil society, and construction is an article by  Francis Fukuyama which talks about social capital and its importance in the normal functioning of the modern economy and a representation of the contemporary stable and liberal democracy. It entails the cultural and factor of the modern society which has always been organized since enlighten in the basis of a formal institution that applies rationality and the rule of law. The article, therefore, places much emphasis on the building a social society through the use of social capital.

Reproducing Inequalities through Development: The MDGs and the Politics of Method

This article by Heloise Waber focuses on the development, inequalities and the increased poverty in the societies. It emphasizes the millennium development goals as a way of promoting equality and eradicates poverty as an intervention for the problems in modern society. These ideologies of the MDGs have become the major issues in global politics, and their achievement becomes the main aim of the international community today.This article t aims to demonstrate how economic grow this an essential factor of the contemporary development of cities and also as the main leads towards achieving the MDGs.

Comparisons of the two articles

These articles, even though they address the same issues in the contemporary world, they take entirely different approaches in their ideologies.This discussion is therefore focused on comparing and contrasting such methods and their r reliability in ensuring that they meet the goals of the society in contemporary society.

The article by Francis Fukuyama emphasizes social capital as the means of solving the modern societal issues. This social capital include is an instantiated informal norm that enhances corporation between two or more people. These norms can range from reciprocity between two friends all the way to a complex doctrine. They are to be started by the existence of a human relation a. this relationship forms the basis of understanding and solving each other’s problem, especially concerning comparative advantages.The article, therefore, figures out a society with trust civilization and networking. These are factors that have been associated with social capital.

On the other hand, the article by Heloise Weber focuses on the concept of economic growth as a way of ensuring that the needs of the moderns society are met, especially the millennium development goals., the MDGs is a progressive and a unique framework that is aimed at reducing poverty. This article, therefore, takes an approach of demonstrating how the methods that have been used to analyze poverty are used to delink them from the inequalities and that poverty from the frameworks that they are produced and reproduced.In this case, it introduces another concept of millennium development goals as interventions towards the achievement of the progress that is needed in contemporary society.

Francis Mukumaya, in his article, demonstrates the role of social capital in the in the creation of a free market and a liberal democracy. In this case, the economy function of social capital is to reduce the transaction costs that are lined with formal coordination methods such as bureaucratic rules, contracts, hierarchies and others that may restrict trade and association between individual countries. , therefore, advocate for coordination among people in finding the solution to the societal problem and perusing additional transactions through negotiation, litigation and the enforcement of formal agreements. This, therefore, gives an opportunity for development through social interaction and building trust to each other to meet its end of the contract. It is a humane way of ensuring that the society fights their difficulties in unison and with the assistance of the friends. This factor, therefore, explain why contemporary economies have always resorted in forming trade blocks that give countries to trade freely and solve social problems. This creates the meaning of social interaction as the primary capital toward the achievement of their societies goals and objectives in elevating poverty.This is a contradiction to Weber’s article which beliefs in the stipulations of the MDGs as the way of solving the societal problem of poverty and inequalities.

Weber, in his article, believes that the solutions to the inequalities are found in the international policies that are set in the millennium development goals. Some declarations guide each society and state on how to address the impending disparities in the community today.It has neoliberal policies of development and the specific ways it has ensured these policies to be me. Among the institutions set to implement the development goals include the NGOs, government institutions, policymakers, high profile global financial corporation such as World Bank, and not for profit legal organizations such as FIFA. These organizations must make various commitments in the contribution toward solving societies problems live poverty elevation and empowering states and individuals toward moving away from inequality and poverty. An example of such an approach is where the KPMG has committed to provide no-fee assistance in promoting agriculture investment in countries like Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana, and Mozambique.  It is through the policies that are set in the MDGs that bring the solution.

The two articles also have distinctions on how to measure the level of their courses in addressing the societal issues of inequality and poverty.  The measurement of social capital depends on the judgment of the individual societies that helps to identify their social needs.On the other hand, the approach that addresses the  MDGs has set specific standards that must be met by all societies to achieve the intended equality and poverty reduction in the community.

Even though both articles have strong points in articulation their means of achieving their goals in promoting the qualities in the world, Francis Fukuyama’s essay becomes much articulate in addressing his theory of social capital as it demonstrates its practicality in the modern society.  Weber, however, relies on the policies as agreed in the MDGs in solving the social problem, but does not come up with explicit theories that help to demonstrate their effectiveness.

In conclusion, two articles have different approaches to addressing the same issues that affect contemporary society. They use different theories, especially that of social capital and the MDGs to come up with strategies of addressing the significant concerns of today. Despite the existence of the difference, both articles have a clear means of achieving their merman’s and applying both methods will lead to the achievement of a society free from inequality and poverty.   It is, therefore, the role of individuals and nations to use the preferred formula in addressing the disparity in the respective countries.

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