QN 1 Slave resistance

Slaves in America used different active and passive means to resist slavery. For instance, day-to-day resistance was the primary and most common form of opposition to slavery. The African slaves could stage slowdowns, feigning illnesses, breaking tools and committing acts of arson and sabotage to ensure that their grievances were heard. Running away or escaping from their masters was another way through which the African slaves expressed their displeasure from slavery. The escaping slaves would be aided by fellow slaves in other farms and plantations.  It is however essential to point out that escape attempts were dangerous and uncertain since slaveholders offered great rewards for captured fugitives. The most feared form of slavery resistance was rebellion against the slaveholders. Most are the times when the slaves would take up arms and engage their captors in fight. Through all these means, Africans in America resisted slavery until it was abolished.

Qn 2. Outcomes of the Missouri controversies and Missouri Compromises

The Missouri compromise is one of the major historical events of the 19^th century to the Americans. It was intended to ease regional tension on the issue of slavery between the pro-slavery and the conservatives. The compromise would prohibit slavery, not in Missouri, but in the rest of the Louisiana. Although the compromise achieved the objective of reducing tension between supporters and opponents of slavery, the compromise later brought about emergence of civil war. The Compromise had significant contribution towards slavery debate but failed to address the underlying issues that brought about civil war. The only significant contribution of the Compromise is the fact that it prevented spread of slavery to the rest of Louisiana. Also the Compromise prevented the splitting of the Republican Party along sectional lines as the slavery debate heated up.

Qn 3. Change of American Indians

The Native Americans comprised of different people and the Indians were amongst them. Nevertheless, the white Americans did not view the Indians as part of the American history. They had put in place distinct policies that would determine how to deal with the Indians. It was simply because the Indians were not willing to let go their culture of hunting and hence they would not assimilate with the whites. Another way that the white Americans view the Indians differently is the way they embrace art. Indians have for long time used artistic expression as a way of worship to their gods. It is also imperative to point out that the Indians are known to have sacred beliefs that to a great extent distinguish them from the whites. They introduced and created different shapes and geometric designs things that were not conversant with the whites.

Qn 4. The primary causes and outcomes of the U.S.-Mexican War (1846-48)?

The Mexican-American war happened between 1846-1848 and marked the first U.S armed conflict chiefly fought on a foreign land. In essence, it was a battle for land where Mexico was fighting to keep what, according to their knowledge, was their property and the U.S wanted to retain the disputed land of Texas and enlarge its territories by obtaining more land from the northern parts of Mexico.  Also the war was also as a result of the Texas war of independence and the subsequent annexation of the area to the United States. The outcomes of the war were that the United States acquired the northern half of Mexico where the states of California, Nevada and Utah became parts of the United States. it is also prudent to note that the war also brought about increased tension between the two countries for many decades with several military encounters along the border.

Qn 5. Fundamentals Confederate nationalism

Confederate nationalism emerged as a result of secession of some of the American states mainly from the south that existed from 1861-1865. The secessionist group comprised seven slave states from the lower south and whose economy was largely dependent on agriculture. This secession was fueled by the election of Abraham Lincoln as the president of the United States on the platform which prohibited expansion of slavery. In essence, the fundamental principle of the southern nationalism was to protect their interest in slavery that helped a lot in their cotton plantations and were critical to their economy.

Haitian Revolution: This was anti-slavery and anti-colonial insurrection that happened from 1791 until 1804 at the former French colony of Saint Domingue. The revolution did not only end slavery but also the French control over the colony that also brought to the emergence of the state of Haiti.

War of 1812: this war was fought from 1812 to 1815 between the United States and the Great Britain.  The war is celebrated in American history as it restored his national pride that had been lost as a result of repeated defeats by the Great Britain.

Nat Turner Rebellion: it is also known as the Southampton Insurrection and happened in 1831, under leadership of Nat Turner, where the slave rebellion was experienced. The rebellion had major impact in the abolition of slavery.

Monroe Doctrine: this was a US foreign policy that was against any efforts by the European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in the north or South America. It was instrumental in maintaining the sovereignty of United States.

Manifest Destiny: this is an attitude that existed in the 19^th century amongst Americans that believed that American should conquer and spread from coast to coast. As a result, the Americans engaged in various conflicts and most notable one the U.S.-Mexican War (1846-48).

The Alamo: It is known as the battle of Alamo and happened 1836 when Mexican troops invaded the Alamo Mission in Texas. It served to fuel tension between America and Mexico.

California Gold Rush: it refers to the discovery of gold nuggets in Sacramento valley in 1848. It brought about increase in number of immigrants as more people travelled to San Francisco and the surrounding area.

John Brown & Raid on Harper’s Ferry:  Abolitionist John Brown led a small group on a raid against a federal armory in Harpers Ferry in an attempt to revolt against slavery. It was a significant move that lead to abolition of slavery.

Fugitive Slave Acts: this law was passed by the Congress on 18^th September 1850 and allowed the capture and return of runaway slaves in the territory of United States.

Radical Reconstruction: it was a movement by a group of republicans who were of the opinion that the blacks were entitled to the same political rights and opportunities as the whites. It was instrumental in promotion of basic rights to the black Americans.

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