Introduction

Near Infrared Spectroscopy is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses near infrared radiation (wavelength of 700 nm – 2500 nm) and applies it to chemical or biological elements to measure differential absorption. Wavelengths of light used by NIRS scatter in the tissue and their absorption rate depend on the amount of oxygen in the hemoglobin. Besides, some lights are not absorbed during the process and they are returned in the form of an optical signal, analyzed to come up with a ratio of oxygenated to total hemoglobin. NIR is used for quantitative measurement of organic combinations. It can measure the oxygenation of tissue in blood. For instance, the changes of blood flow in the brain cortex. The processes involved in the absorption of NIRS

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